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What are Magento 2 areas?

An area is a logical component that organizes code for optimized request processing. Magento uses areas to streamline web service calls by loading only the dependent code for the specified area. Each of the default areas defined by Magento can contain completely different codes on how to process URLs and requests.

Each Magento 2 module has its own set of configuration files, gathered into the module’s etc directory.

<aside> ➡️ Additions you make to those directory configuration files are applied globally to your module.

</aside>

<aside> ➡️ Areas are registered in the Dependency Injection framework di.xml file.

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Magento 2 module also has nested configuration directories in the etc directory for any required adminhtml, frontend, API REST, API SOAP, etc specific configuration. Additions you make to files in these directories override the settings in the global configuration files for the respective functionality only.

List of areas

How do areas work with modules?

Modules define which resources are visible and accessible in an area, as well as an area’s behavior. The same module can influence several areas. For instance, the RMA module is represented partly in the adminhtml area and partly in the frontend area.

If the configuration file is located in the directory of an etc/module, its values are located in the global scope. To specify the scope of, for example, adminhtml or front-end configuration, you need to put the configuration file in the etc/frontend or etc/adminhtml folder respectively.

Each area declares itself within a module. All resources specific for an area are located within the same module as well.

<aside> ➡️ Modules should not depend on other modules’ areas.

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What are the best area practices?

• Never set area code within the constructor. Regardless of where it is, the constructor is always triggered when classes are loaded.
• If you want to set an area code in CLI, you should do it with an execute method as it will be launched only after we trigger the command.
• If you want to set an area code, you should do it with try { } catch { } – there is no other way to check if an area code has already been set because an exception is always thrown.
• Do not use Area Code where it is not necessary. Most operations can be done without setting Area Code.